Ingxenye Evamile Yesitembu Sensimbi Emaphutha Nezixazululo: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Imakethe yamanje yokugxiviza izitembu zensimbi inokuncintisana kakhulu e-China naphesheya. Lapho abathengi bekhetha imikhiqizo ehlobene ye-metal stamping hardware, abagcini nje kuphela ngentengo efanelekile, kodwa futhi banake kakhulu izinga lemikhiqizo ehlobene. Izinkinga zekhwalithi yezingxenye zokugxiviza azithinti nje kuphela ukubukeka kwemikhiqizo yedivayisi ehlobene, kodwa futhi zinciphisa ukubola nempilo yemikhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, ohlelweni lokugxivizwa kwe-netal, akunakugwenywa ukuthi kuzokwenzeka izici ezihlukahlukene zekhwalithi. Njengomkhiqizi ochwepheshile wokugxiviza izitembu zensimbi kusukela ngo-2007, sithanda ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe iziphambeko ezivamile zekhwalithi, izimbangela nezisombululo njengoba ngezansi ukuze kubhekwe.

Ingxenye 1: Isici esivamile sekhwalithi yesitembu sensimbi nezimbangela

1.1 Ubukhulu nokubekezelelana

Ubukhulu bengxenye yensimbi yokunyathela inobukhulu bembobo nendawo kanye nokuchezuka komumo, ukujiya okungalingani nokubekezelelana akuhlangabezani nezimfuneko zokucaciswa.

Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela: Usayizi wangempela wengxenye egxivizwe uyachezuka kumdwebo womklamo , udlule ububanzi obubekiwe bokubekezelela. Ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta okweqile, ukugqokwa kokushona kwesitembu noma ukuma okungalungile, ukubopha kabusha kwezinto (ikakhulukazi insimbi enamandla amakhulu, ingxubevange ye-aluminium); Ukuqina okunganele komshini wokugxiviza noma ukufana okungalungile kwesilayidi. Lokhu kungase kubangelwe ukunemba okwanele kokukhiqiza isikhunta, ukuguga kwesikhunta, ukuchezuka kobukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo, imingcele yenqubo yokugxiviza engafanele, njll. Isibonelo, ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwesikhunta, usayizi womgodi ungase ube mkhulu ngenxa yokuguga, okuholela kusayizi ongabekezeleleki wengxenye egxiviziwe.

1.2: Amaphutha angaphezulu

Amanye amaphutha amakhulu anemihuzuko, imihuzuko, ama-burrs, namaphethini wekhasi lawolintshi.

Izimbangela:I-stamping die surface ilukhuni noma unqenqema lokusika lubuthuntu; Ukugcotshwa okunganele noma ukungcola okuxutshwe phakathi; I-surface coating yezinto ezibonakalayo iyawa (njenge-zinc layer).

Ukuklwebheka:Ukuklwebheka kuvela ebusweni bezingxenye ezinesitembu, okubangelwa ikakhulukazi izinto zangaphandle endaweni yesikhunta, ubuhwaqane obungaphezulu kwesikhunta akuhlangabezani nezidingo, noma ukungqubuzana okubangelwa ukushelela okuhlobene phakathi kwento kanye nesikhunta ngesikhathi sokugxiviza.

Imifantu:Imifantu ivela phezulu noma ngaphakathi kwezingxenye ezinesitembu. Lokhu kungase kubangele ubulukhuni obanele bento ngokwayo, inqubo yokugxiviza engafanele (njengesivinini sokunyathela esisheshayo, izikhathi eziningi zokunyathela), irediyasi encane kakhulu yekhona lesikhunta, njll. Lapho impahla ingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokunyathela, idlula umkhawulo wamandla ayo, kuzokwenzeka imifantu.

Ama-Burrs: Ama-Burrs avela onqenqemeni lwezingxenye ezinesitembu, ngokuvamile okubangelwa ukuguga konqenqema lokufa, igebe elikhulu kakhulu noma elincane kakhulu. Lapho umkhawulo wokusika ugqokwa, umkhawulo wokusika awusabukhali, futhi ama-burrs azokhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokunyathela; futhi uma igebe lokusika lingafaneleki, impahla ngeke iphule ngokujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokugunda, ngaleyo ndlela yakha ama-burrs.

1.3. Ukuguqulwa kobuso (i-warping, ukuhlanekezela)

Kukhona ukubekezelelana kokucaba, imiphetho enamagagasi, amakhona asontekile. Ukuma kwezingxenye ezinesitembu akufani nokwakheka okuklanyiwe, futhi kukhona ukuhlanekezela, ukungqubuzana, nokuguqulwa. Izizathu zihlanganisa ukwakheka kwesikhunta esingenangqondo, izinto ezibonakalayo ezingalingani, imingcele yenqubo yokugxiviza engafanele, kanye nokulandelana kokugxiviza okungafanele. Uma impahla ingaphansi kwamandla angalingani phakathi nenqubo yokugxiviza, kulula ukubangela ukungqubuzana nokuguqulwa.

Izimbangela:Ukukhululwa kokucindezeleka okungalingani ezintweni; Ukusatshalaliswa okungenangqondo kwe-clamping force, njll.; Ukuhlelwa kwenqubo okungalungile okuholela ekucindezelekeni okunqwabelene.

1.4. Ukuqhekeka komhlaba kanye nokushwabana kwezingxenye ezinesitembu

Kuneminye Imifantu ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezidwetshiwe kanye nemibimbi emaphethelweni e-flange.Izizathu ezihlobene: Ukwelulwa okwanele noma ukungahambi kahle kwezinto ezibonakalayo; Isilinganiso somdwebo esikhulu kakhulu (njengesilinganiso sokujula/nobubanzi esingu-> 2.5); Mancane kakhulu amandla okubambi angenalutho (ukushwabana) noma amakhulu kakhulu (ukuqhekeka). Ukuma kwezingxenye ezinesitembu akufani nokwakheka okuklanyiwe, futhi ukuhlanekezela, ukungqubuzana, nokuguqulwa kwenzeka. Izizathu zihlanganisa ukwakheka kwesikhunta esingenangqondo, izinto ezibonakalayo ezingalingani, imingcele yenqubo yokugxiviza engafanele, kanye nokulandelana kokugxiviza okungafanele.

Uma impahla ingaphansi kwamandla angalingani phakathi nenqubo yokugxiviza, kulula ukubangela ukungqubuzana nokuguqulwa.

1.5. Burrs

Ubude be-burr bonqenqema lokubhoboza budlula ukubekezelela (~0.1mm). Izimbangela: Igebe phakathi kwe-punch kanye ne-die alinangqondo (likhulu kakhulu noma lincane kakhulu);

I-cutting edge igugile noma iqoshiwe. Ama-Burrs avela onqenqemeni lwengxenye enesitembu, okuvame ukubangelwa ukuguga konqenqema lokufa, igebe elikhulu kakhulu noma elincane kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokuthi umkhawulo wokusika ugqokwe, umkhawulo wokusika awusabukhali, futhi ama-burrs azokhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokunyathela; futhi uma igebe lokusika lingafaneleki, impahla ngeke iphule ngokujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokugunda, ngaleyo ndlela yakha ama-burrs.

1.6. Ubukhulu obungalingani :

Ugqinsi noma izinga lokuncipha kodonga oluseceleni noma ekhoneni lengxenye edwetshiwe likhulu kuno-30%.

Kungase Kubangele ukugeleza kwempahla kuvimbekile (indawo yesikhunta incane kakhulu) futhi Ukuthambisa okungekuhle kuholela ekungqubuzaneni okukhulu.

1.7 Izinkinga zokucaciswa kokusebenza kokubalulekile

Ukuqina akuhlangabezani nezimfuneko: Ukuqina kwezingxenye ezinesitembu kudlula noma kwehla ngaphansi kwebanga elishiwo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi ukuqina kwento ngokwayo ayifaneleki, noma into eyenza umsebenzi ube lukhuni phakathi nenqubo yokugxiviza isitembu ayizange ilawulwe ngempumelelo. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokugxiviza okubandayo, izinto zizoba nzima ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki. Uma izinga lokuqina komsebenzi liphezulu kakhulu, ubulukhuni bezingxenye ezinesitembu buzokhula futhi ukuqina kuzokwehla. ◦ Ukuqina kwempahla okunganele: Izingxenye ezinesitembu zijwayele ukuphuka ama-brittle ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi okokusebenza akuqinile ngokwanele, noma inqubo yokugxiviza ibangela ukuqina kokubalulekile kwehle. Isibonelo, ukucubungula isitembu esibanda kakhulu kuzoshintsha ukwakheka kwekristalu, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuqina.

1.8: Izinkinga zekhwalithi ye-Dia/mold

Ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi: Kungase kube khona ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo njengama-pores, ukufakwa, ukuhlukaniswa, njll. ngaphakathi kwezingxenye zokugxiviza, okuzothinta izici zemishini nokuthembeka kwezingxenye zokugxiviza. I-porosity ne-inclusions kuvame ukukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilikisa, kuyilapho ukuhlukaniswa kubangelwa ukwakheka okungalingani kwezinto ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqiniswa. ◦ Ukucindezelwa okuyinsalela: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokugxiviza, ukucindezeleka okuyinsalela kuzokwenziwa ngaphakathi kwempahla. Uma ukucindezeleka okusalayo kukhulu kakhulu, kuzodala ukuguqulwa, ukuqhekeka nezinye izinkinga ezingxenyeni zokugxiviza ngesikhathi sokucubungula noma ukusetshenziswa okulandelayo. Isibonelo, lapho u-welding izingxenye zokugxiviza ngokucindezeleka okusalayo, ukucindezeleka okusele kanye nokucindezeleka kwe-welding kuphezulu, okungase kubangele imifantu endaweni yokushisela.

Ingxenye 2 : Izixazululo zokukhubazeka kwamazwana :

2.1. Izinkinga zokunemba kobukhulu

Engeza okuthunyelwe komhlahlandlela noma izikhonkwane zokumisa ngokunemba kusikhunta;

Sebenzisa idizayini yesinxephezelo se-springback (ukulingiswa kwe-CAE ukuze uthuthukise iphrofayela)

Hlola njalo ukufana kanye nethoni yokucindezela kwe-punch.

Ucwaningo Lwezimo : Indawo yembobo kabakaki wensimbi engagqwali iyasuswa → Sebenzisa isikhunta esifaka i-carbide esikhundleni salokho, futhi impilo yesevisi ikhuphuka izikhathi ezi-5.

2.2 Amaphutha angaphezulu •

Pholisha isikhunta sibe ngu-Ra0.2μm noma ngaphansi, ipuleti le-chrome noma ukwelashwa kwe-TD;

Sebenzisa amafutha okugxiviza aguquguqukayo (njengamafutha e-ester);

Hlanza ngaphambilini izinto (degrease, ukususwa kothuli).

Indaba eyisibonelo: Izingxenye ze-aluminiyamu ziyaklwebha → Sebenzisa ipuleti lomfutho wento enayiloni esikhundleni salokho.

2.3 : Ukuguqulwa komumo

Engeza inqubo yokubumba (ingcindezi eqinile 0.05 ~ 0.1mm);

Sebenzisa i-multi-point blank blank force control (njenge-servo hydraulic pad);

Lungiselela isiqondiso sesakhiwo (lungisa uhambisane nendawo eginqikayo).

Indaba eyisibonelo: Ukusonteka kwensimbi yeshidi → Engeza i-engeli engalungile isakhiwo esigoba ngaphambili esibunjeni.

2.4. Ukuqhekeka nokushwabana

Hlola isinyathelo ngesinyathelo somdwebo (isb. 60% umdwebo wokuqala, ukubunjwa kwesibili);

Khulisa irediyasi yokufa (R≥4t, t ukujiya kwezinto);

Sebenzisa ukwakheka okushisayo (200~400℃) ukuze uthole insimbi enamandla amakhulu.

Indaba eyisibonelo: Imifantu ngezansi kwesilinda esijulile → Engeza inqubo emaphakathi yokudonsa.

2.5. I-Burr Control

Lungisa igebe ngo-8% ~ 12% wobukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo (inani elincane lisetshenziselwa insimbi emnene);

Gaya idayi njalo (hlola zonke izibhakela ezingu-50,000);

Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuvala (isibambi esingenalutho esimise okwe-V + i-anti-thrust force).

Ikesi: Burr kutheminali yethusi → Sebenzisa i-zero-gap esikhundleni salokho.

2.6. Ukunciphisa ingxenye

Lungiselela ukwakheka kwezimbambo zokudweba futhi ulinganise ukugeleza kwezinto ezibonakalayo;

Fafaza endaweni yokuthambisa ene-viscosity ephezulu (njenge-graphite paste);

Sebenzisa izinto ezisebenza kangcono (ezifana ne-SPCC→SPCE).

2.7 Izinkinga zokusebenza kokubalulekile:

Hlaziya izimbangela zezinto ezihlobene, shintsha izinto ezahlukahlukene, bese uthola izimbangela.

2.8 : Izinkinga zekhwalithi yangaphakathi: Hlola ukucaciswa kanye namazinga esikhunta esifanele.

Ingxenye 3 : Ukuvimbela Ukukhubazeka

3.1 .Isiteji sokuklama: Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-CAE (efana ne-AutoForm) ukuze ulingise ukugeleza kwezinto, i-springback nokusabalalisa kwengcindezi. Gwema amakhona abukhali (kunconywa ukuthi i-engeli engu-R kufanele ibe izikhathi ezi-3 ubukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo).

3.2. Ukulawula inqubo:Yakha Inqubo Ejwayelekile Yokusebenza (SOP) ukuze ucacise ububanzi bemingcele njengamandla ombambi angenalutho nesivinini. ◦ Ukuhlolwa kwesiqephu sokuqala sosayizi ogcwele (kusetshenziswa isithwebuli se-3D ukuze uqhathanise amamodeli edijithali).

3.3 Ukugcinwa kwesikhunta:Sungula irekhodi lempilo yesikhunta bese ushintsha njalo izingxenye ezigqokile (ezifana nezibhakela nemikhono eqondisayo). Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa (okufana ne-TiAlN coating ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana nokugqokwa).

3.4. Ukuphathwa kwezinto:Hlola ngokuqinile ukusebenza kwezinto ezingenayo (ukuhlolwa okuqinile, ukubekezelela ukujiya ±0.02mm). ◦ Gcina amaqoqo ahlukene ezinto ngokuhlukana ukuze ugweme ukuxutshwa.

Ingxenye 4: Ithebula lokuxazulula inkinga ngokushesha lezinkinga ezijwayelekile

Isici	Izinyathelo eziphuthumayo	Isixazululo
I-Hole offset, ukuguga kwephinikhodi, ukunemba kokuphakelayo	buyisela iphinikhodi	lungisa isinyathelo sokudla
Ama-Edge Burrs, Die Dirty noma agqoke	ukuncishiswa kwegebe lesikhashana	ithuluzi noma Die Manual polishing noma ukuguqulwa
ingxenye eseceleni iqhekekile	Khulisa irediyasi futhi usebenzise amafutha	Hlola ukuthi ingabe irediyasi yokufa kanye nokuthambisa kwanele
Ukulala ngenxa yokubekezelelana Iyunifomu yamandla engenalutho engenalutho	lungisa ukuphakama kwe-ejector	ibhalansi ye-ejector Engeza inqubo yokubumba
Izinkinga zokusebenza kokubalulekile	hlola ukucaciswa bese ubuyisela entsha	hlola i-materail entsha bese uhlola ngokuya nge-spe.

Ingxenye 5 : Isiphetho

Uma izingxenye zokugxiviza zensimbi zihlangabezana nezinkinga zekhwalithi kanye nokukhubazeka, kufanele siqale sihlaziye kabanzi izimbangela zenkinga, sihlaziye okuhlobene okudalekile okudalwe, futhi sakhe isixazululo esisebenzayo. Ukwengeza, sidinga ukugcina amarekhodi enqubo amahle ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kohlelo, kanye nempendulo ngezindaba ezibalulekile ezintweni zangaphambilini ukuze sinqande izinkinga ezifanayo ukuthi zingenzeki futhi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokugxiviza umkhiqizo ingakhiqizwa ngokujwayelekile futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Lesi sihloko sichaza izinkinga, izimbangela, ukuvimbela kanye nezinyathelo zokuphendula ezivamileizingaamaphutha ekugxivizeni kwensimbi. Uma ufuna ukuthola ifekthri enolwazi lokuthuthukisa ihadiwe ukuze uthuthukise iphrojekthi yakho yesitembu sensimbi, sicelaothintana nayeithimba lethu lokuthengisa manje. Ithimba lethu nonjiniyela bazohlinzeka ngezixazululo ezinemininingwane namashejuli wephrojekthi ngokufanele.