Isahluko sokuqala: Iyini insimbi yokunamathisela isitembu?

I-metal stamping die iyinqubo ebandayo yokwakha eqala ngomucu wensimbi, owaziwa ngokuthi insimbi engenalutho noma ithuluzi. Ngokusetshenziswa kokufa okukodwa noma okuningi, le ndlela isika futhi ilolonge insimbi ukuze kuzuzwe umumo oyifunayo weshidi noma iphrofayili. Amandla asetshenziswa kokungenalutho ashintsha i-geometry yayo, edala ingcindezi eyenza ucezu lokusebenza lufanelekele ukugotshwa noma ukulolongwa lube amafomu ayinkimbinkimbi. Izingxenye Zokugxiviza ezikhiqizwa ngale ndlela zingahluka kakhulu ngobukhulu, kusukela kwezincane kakhulu kuye kwezinkulu kakhulu, kuye ngohlelo oluthile.

I-metal stamping dia, ebizwa nangokuthi ukucindezela, ihlanganisa amasu ahlukahlukene njengokubhoboza, ukuvala, ukubhoboza, ukwenza imali, neminye imisebenzi eminingana. Ukunemba ekwakhiweni kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-punch ngayinye ifinyelela ikhwalithi ephezulu.

Ama-dies asetshenziswa ku-die stamping angamathuluzi akhethekile enzelwe ukukhiqiza imiklamo ethile, kusukela ezintweni ezilula zansuku zonke kuya ezintweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zekhompyutha. Angadizayinelwa ukusebenza komsebenzi owodwa noma njengengxenye yochungechunge olulandelanayo lwemisebenzi eyenziwa ngezigaba. Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-Metal stamping die: i-punch eyodwa iyafa, i-progressive dies, i-compound iyafa, futhi ukudluliselwa kuyafa.

Lapho uqala ukuklama isitembu sokufa, naka insimbi nezinto zokwakha njengoba ngezansi:

Uma into yokugxiviza inokuqina okuphezulu, njengensimbi engagqwali, isitembu sokufa sidinga ukusebenzisa insimbi enezinto ezinhle zokumelana nokugqokwa, njenge-Cr12MoV.

1.2 Okwezinto ezithambile,njenge-aluminium, imfuneko yokumelana ne-stamping die wear wear iphansi kancane, kodwa ukunamathela kwento kufanele kubhekwe ukuze kugwenywe okunamathelayo kudiyizi. Ungakhetha insimbi yokufa enezakhiwo ezinhle zokunqanda ukunamathela.

Okokufa okungaphansi kwemithwalo emikhulu yomthelela ngesikhathi sokusebenza, njengokufa kwesitembu kumakhava amakhulu ezimoto, okokusebenza kufanele kube nokuqina okuphezulu, futhi izinsimbi ezifana ne-SKD11 zingakhethwa.

Uma indawo yokusebenza efayo inezingozi zokugqwala, njengokusebenza endaweni enomswakama, kufanele ukhethe insimbi efayo ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, njengensimbi engagqwali.

Kumaqoqo amancane, izidingo zokusebenza zezinto ezifayo zingancishiswa ngokufanelekile, futhi izinto ezinentengo ephansi njengensimbi engama-45 zingakhethwa, futhi ukwelashwa okufanele kokushisa kungenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.

Kumaqoqo amakhulu, kufanele ukhethe i-die steel esebenza kahle, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, nokuphila okuphezulu. Izinto ezifana ne-cemented carbide zingasetshenziselwa isitembu sokufa ukuze kukhiqizwe ngobuningi.

Ukubunjwa okunembe kakhulu kudinga ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezincane, njengensimbi ye-CrWMn, enokuguqulwa okuncane kokucisha futhi ifanele ukukhiqiza isikhunta sokugxiviza esinemba kakhulu.

Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza, intengo yensimbi yesikhunta, izindleko zokucubungula, njll. kucatshangelwa ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ezinye izinsimbi zesikhunta ezintsha zinokusebenza okuhle kodwa amanani aphezulu, futhi izindleko nenzuzo kufanele kukalwe.

I-punch eyodwa iyafa noma isikhunta sakhiwe isikhunta se-concave kanye nesikhunta se-punch noma ama-multiple concave molds kanye ne-punch molds eminingi. I-punch ngayinye iqeda isikhathi esisodwa sokwakheka kwembobo yokubhoboza noma umumo owodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka nokusebenza kwayo kugxilile futhi kuklanyelwe inqubo ethile. I-Metal Manufactured futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinqubo. Ngokujwayelekile okokukhiqiza okuncane noma okumaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho indawo yokushaya noma umumo udinga ukushintshwa njalo. Ingalungiswa kalula futhi ishintshwe ngesikhathi sodwendwe lokukhiqiza, futhi izindleko zokufa kwepunch eyodwa ziphansi. Ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo amancane okugxiviza kwensimbi ngezinqubo ezilula.

Okokuqala, beka ipuleti lensimbi elizoshaywa endaweni yokusebenza ye-punch eyodwa yokufa. I-workpiece ivame ukuboshwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza phakathi nenqubo yokugxiviza. I-punch ye-punch eyodwa die iyehla, ibe namandla ocezu lomsebenzi lwensimbi. Yakha imbobo oyifunayo noma umumo. Ngemuva kokuthi umthelela usuqediwe, i-punch izophakanyiswa kude nendawo yokusebenza ukuze kulungiselelwe isitembu esilandelayo. Bese ususa ngesandla i-workpiece bese uphinda umsebenzi ongenhla.

2.1 Ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo - Ukusikeka okuningi kungenziwa kusuka ekufeni okuningi.

2.2 Ukuma kokungenalutho - Ukulayisha nokubeka kabusha okungenalutho kulula. Ingaphendulwa, iphetshwe, futhi ishintshwe ngomzamo omncane.

2.3 Amajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi - Ikhiqiza amajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubala okukhethekile noma ukulungiswa.

2.4 Ukuphatha ama-dies - Ama-dies alula futhi angabizi kakhulu ukuwaphatha.

2.5 Amathuluzi - Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi kuncane futhi kufinyeleleka kalula.

I-Progressive die, iphinde iqanjwe ngokuthi i-continuous die noma isikhunta, i-continuous stamping die esebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa zokunyathela ezimise okwe-strip ku-stroke eyodwa yokunyathela, futhi isebenzisa iziteshi eziningana ezihlukene ukuze iqedele izinqubo eziningi zokugxiviza ngesikhathi esisodwa kusethi yezibungu. Inqubo ngayinye yokugxiviza isikhunta iqediwe. Kanye, ibhande lezinto ezibonakalayo lihamba ibanga elingaguquki, futhi izingxenye ezingenalutho kancane kancane zakhiwe ekubunjweni okuqhubekayo. Ukwakhiwa okuqhubekayo kuyindlela yenqubo enezinqubo ezigxilile, kulula ukwenza ukusika, ukusika, ukugoba, ukubhoboza, ukuguquguquka kwepulasitiki, ukuvala. Le nqubo iqedwa kwisikhunta.

I-Progressive die ingaqedela izinqubo eziningi kokuphakelayo okukodwa. Okulandelayo ukuhamba komsebenzi okujwayelekile kwefa eliqhubekayo:

(1) Ipuleti lensimbi noma umucu ufakwa kufayizi eqhubekayo ngendlela yerili. Isistimu yokuphakelayo iqondisa okubalulekile kwensimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuma kwayo okunembile esikhunjeni.

(2) Uhlelo luqondisa umugqa wensimbi ekubunjweni, isistimu yokubopha iqinisekisa ukuthi umucu wensimbi uhlala uzinzile phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokugxiviza, futhi uhlelo oluqondisayo luqinisekisa ukuthi umucu wensimbi umi ngokunembile.

(3) Inqubo yokuqala yokugxiviza isitembu: Enqubweni yokuqala yokufa okuqhubekayo, umugqa wensimbi udlula esibhakeleni sokuqala bese uyafa ukuze uqedele inqubo yokuqala yokugxiviza, okungenzeka kube ukubhoboza, ukusika noma ukwakha isimo, njll.

(4) Ibhande lensimbi liqondisa i-workpiece eqede inqubo yokuqala endaweni yenqubo elandelayo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo oluhambayo.

(5) Inqubo yesibili yokugxiviza isitembu: Enqubweni yesibili, umucu wensimbi udlula kwelinye iqoqo lezibhakela bese uyafa futhi ukuze uqedele inqubo yesibili. Le nqubo iphindaphindiwe kulo lonke isikhunta, umsebenzi ngamunye uqedwa emgqeni wensimbi oqhubekayo.

(6) Qhubeka kuze kube yilapho i-workpiece idlula zonke izinqubo eziklanyelwe.

(7) Ukukhipha: Ngemva kokuqeda zonke izinqubo, i-workpiece ikhishwa ekubunjweni komsebenzi olandelayo, njengokuhlanganisa noma ukucubungula okulandelayo.

3.1 I-Progressive dies ilungele ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezilula ukuya kweziyinkimbinkimbi ngokumaphakathi ezinomumo ophindaphindayo nezici ezifanayo.

3.2 Asebenza kahle kakhulu ekuphakeleni okuqhubekayo kwezinto futhi adinga ukungenelela okuncane komsebenzisi.

3.3 Ama-Progressive dies afaneleka kahle ama-run okukhiqiza amade anomklamo wengxenye ongashintshi.

3.4 Isiteshi ngasinye esisefasiteleni sinesibopho sokwenza umsebenzi othile, njengokusika, ukugoba, ukubhoboza, noma ukwenza, njengoba umdweshu uqhubeka.

I-compound die iwukufa okugxiviza okuqeda ngesikhathi esisodwa kokubili imbobo engaphakathi kanye nezinqubo zomumo wangaphandle esiteshini esifanayo se-die (ingenza imisebenzi eminingi yokugxiviza ngesikhathi esisodwa ku-stroke eyodwa). Izinqubo eziningi zingaqedelwa ngokugxiviza okukodwa, okuhlanganisa izimbobo zokubhoboza eziningi noma ukubunjwa komumo. Idizayini enezinqubo eziningi ihlanganisa izinzuzo zokufa okukodwa futhi okuqhubekayo kuyafa ngokwezinga elithile.

I-Compound Dies iyasebenza emisebenzini eminingi yokugxiviza kwensimbi. Uma ingxenye yesitembu sensimbi idinga isici esingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuthi sigxivizwe futhi le misebenzi ingaqhutshwa ngokuzimela enye kwenye, i-compound die ingasetshenziswa. I-Compound dies izohlinzeka ngezici eziningi zokugxiviza zensimbi ngokushaywa ngakunye komshini wokunyathelisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufa okuhlanganisiwe kunikeza ingxenye enhle kakhulu yokucaba.

4.1 Ukusebenza kahle - I-Compound dies isika izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi nge-stroke eyodwa igwema isidingo sokufa okuningi.

4.2 Ukusebenza Kwezindleko - I-Compound die stamping yenza izingxenye ngokushesha, konga isikhathi nemali.

I-4.3 Speed ​​-I-Compound die stamping ikhiqiza izingxenye ngemizuzwana futhi ingakhiqiza izingxenye ezingaphezu kuka-1000 ngehora.

4.4 Ukuphindaphinda -Ukusebenzisa idayizi eyodwa kusigxivizo se-compound kuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inobukhulu nokumiswa okufanayo.

Beka izinto zokusetshenziswa ezizocutshungulwa endaweni ebekiwe ngokusebenzisa izisetshenziswa ezizenzakalelayo noma ezenziwa ngesandla. Lapho isikhunta esiphezulu sehla ngaphansi kwesenzo sesilayidi sokucindezela, isikhunta kanye ne-unloader kanye ne-punch punch esikhumbeni esiphezulu kuqala thintana nomdwebo bese uqhubeka nokucindezela, bese imiphetho yangaphandle ye-punch kanye nesikhunta se-concave sisebenza ku-mold kanye ne-punch Punch nama-bumps kanye nama-dips. I-bore yangaphakathi yesikhunta imbozwe kanyekanye futhi ishaywa ukuze ihlukanise ingxenye emgqeni.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa zakhiwa ngokuqondile ngemva kokugxivizwa isikhunta esiyinhlanganisela.

Ukudlulisa isitembu se-die kufana nokufa okuqhubekayo, kodwa izingxenye zidluliswa zisuka kwesinye isiteshi ziye kwesinye ngohlelo lokudluliswa kwemishini. Isetshenziswa kakhulu lapho izingxenye kufanele zisuswe emgqeni ukuze kuvunyelwe imisebenzi ukuthi yenziwe esimweni esikhululekile. Isikhunta sokudlulisa singaba isikhunta esisodwa noma isikhunta esiningi noma imishini ehlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze yakhe umugqa wokukhiqiza. Ngokujwayelekile isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, lapho indawo yokusebenza ngayinye ingenza imisebenzi ehlukene njengokubhoboza, ukugoba, ukwelula nokunye.

5.1 Amafa okudlulisa afanele izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga imisebenzi eminingi kanye nokuma okunembile.

5.2 Ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezikwazi ukubekezelelana okuqinile.

5.3 Ama-Transfer dies avame ukusetshenziswa emiqhudelwaneni yokukhiqiza enevolumu ephezulu ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo kanye nekhono lokuzenzakalela.

5.4 I-workpiece ihamba phakathi kweziteshi, futhi isiteshi ngasinye singenza imisebenzi efana nokusika, ukugoba, ukubhoboza, noma ukwenza imali.

isitembu sokudlulisa sisebenzisa idivayisi yokudlulisa ukudlulisa ucezu lokusebenza. Ngemva kokuba isiteshi ngasinye sigxivizwe, i-workpiece ihanjiswa ngomshini noma ngesandla esiteshini esilandelayo ukuze kucutshungulwe isitembu. Amasistimu wokugxiviza i-die angaqukatha ama-dies amaningi ahlukene noma uchungechunge lokufa.

Ngokuvamile, insimbi, i-aluminium, ithusi, insimbi engagqwali nethusi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekugxivizeni izinto zokusetshenziswa.

6.1 I-punch die eyodwa ilula futhi iyavumelana nezimo, kodwa ijubane lihamba kancane.

6.2 Ukugxiviza kwe-fa okuqhubekayo kungakha izingxenye ezinejometri eyinkimbinkimbi ngokushesha, ngendlela engabizi kakhulu futhi ephindaphindwayo.

6.3 I-Composite die stamping yakheka ngesinyathelo esisodwa, ngakho ifanele izingxenye ezinezakhiwo ezilula.

6.4 I-transfer die ifanele izimo lapho izinqubo eziningi zidinga ukuqedwa phakathi kwe-stroke eyodwa.

Isondlo

Susa ama-chips ensimbi, imfucumfucu, nezinsalela ze-lubricant kusuka kufa ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye noma ngezikhathi ezithile. Sebenzisa amabhulashi, izifutha komoya, noma izincibilikisi zokuhlanza (ezifanele izinto zokufa) ukuze ugcine indawo yokufa ihlanzekile. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni kokugxiviza kwevolumu ephezulu kwezingxenye zezimoto, ukufa kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuhlanzwe nsuku zonke.

Gcoba okokugcoba okufanele njalo ukuze unciphise ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo zedayizi. Amafutha noma amafutha okugxiviza ekhwalithi ephezulu angavimbela ukuguga nokushisa ngokweqile. Imvamisa yokugcoba incike kwijubane lokunyathela kanye nomthwalo; ngokufa okusetshenziswe ngokusesilinganisweni, ukugcotshwa kungase kudingeke kanye ngesonto.

Hlola njalo izimpawu zokuguga, njengezimpawu zokuguga ezibhakeleni kanye nokufa, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuwohloka. Sebenzisa ukuhlola okubonakalayo, izibuko zokukhulisa, noma izindlela zokuhlola ezingabhubhi njengokuhlola izinhlayiya kazibuthe. Isibonelo, hlola imiphetho yokuvala yokufa ukuze uthole izimpawu zobuthuntu njalo emijikelezweni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa zokunyathela.

Ukulola noma Ukushintsha Izibhakela kanye Nokufa

Uma imiphetho yokusika yama-punch futhi ifa iba buthuntu, ingalolwa ukuze ibuyisele ikhono layo lokusika. Ezimweni lapho ukugqoka kunzima, ukufaka esikhundleni sezingxenye ezigugile kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, i-punch esetshenziselwa izimbobo zokubhoboza ingase idinge ukulolwa ngemva kwenani elithile lokusetshenziswa ukuze kugcinwe imiphetho yembobo ehlanzekile.

Ngemifantu emincane noma izindawo ezilimele emzimbeni wokufa, ukushisela kungaba yindlela esebenzayo yokulungisa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inqubo yokushisela kanye nezinto zokugcwalisa ezifanele izinto zokufa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi indawo elungisiwe inezakhiwo ezifanayo nezasekuqaleni. Ngemva kokushisela, ingxenye elungisiwe ngokuvamile idinga ukwelashwa kokushisa kanye nomshini wokubuyisela ukwakheka nobukhulu bayo.

Uma izingxenye ze-die zingaqondani kahle ngenxa yokudlidliza noma umthelela phakathi nokugxivizwa, ukuqondanisa kudinga ukulungiswa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukucwayiza noma ukusebenzisa ukunemba - izindlela zokulungisa ukuze ulungise kabusha izibhakela bese uyafa. Isibonelo, kufayini yokugxiviza okuqhubekayo, ukungaboni ngaso linye kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwengxenye okungalungile, futhi ukulungisa kabusha iziteshi kungalungisa le nkinga.

I-metal stamping die iyithuluzi elikhethekile elisetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Idizayinelwe ukusika, ukulolonga, noma ukwakha amashidi ensimbi abe yizimo ezithile ezifiselekayo nezingxenye.

- Ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye eziningi ezifana nesethi yokufa (okuhlanganisa ama-die halves aphezulu nangaphansi), ama-punch, nama-cavities. Izibhakela zisetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa amandla ukuze kukhubazeke noma kusike insimbi.

- Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zokugxiviza ziyafa ngokusekelwe emisebenzini abayenzayo, njengokuvala okufayo ngokusika amajamo eshidini elikhudlwana, ukubhoboza ukufa ngokudala izimbobo, nokugoba kufa ngokugoqa insimbi.

- Ama-dies enziwa ngezinto ezifana nensimbi yamathuluzi ekwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nemithelela ephindaphindayo phakathi nenqubo yokugxiviza.

- Ukunemba ekuklanyweni nasekukhiqizeni kubalulekile njengoba kunquma ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yezingxenye ezinezitembu. Kudingeka zigcinwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungaguquki kanye nempilo ende yesevisi ezilungiselelweni zokukhiqizwa kwezimboni lapho zidlala indima ebalulekile ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezikhiqiza ngobuningi ngokuphumelelayo.